Readings

The bibliographical list includes a selection of some relevant materials reflecting important themes, key authors, and a variety of perspectives and viewpoints. It includes items from the field of comparative and international education and related fields.

Please feel free to send suggestions for additions to the list through the Response Forum or by email to director@escotet.org.





Topic Areas

Classics of Comparative and International Development Education Contemporary Issues in Comparative Education
Cross-Cultural Research/Intercultural Studies Dependency, Colonialism, Neocolonialism
Development Issues Economic Issues
Educational Systems and Politics Gender Issues
Higher Education Nonformal, Adult and Distance Education
Planning Reforms in Education
State and Society Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Comparative Education



Classics of Comparative and International Development Education

Adams, D. (Ed.). (1971). Education in national development. London: Routledge.
 
Adams, D., & Bjork, R. M. (1969). Education in developing areas. New York: David McKay
Co.
 
Anderson, A. C. (1961). Methodology of comparative education. International Review of
Education, 7, 1-23.
 
Bereday, G. Z. (1967). Reflections on comparative methodology in education. Comparative
Education, June, 169-187.
 
Coombs, P. (1985). The world crisis in education: A view, from the eighties. New York:
Oxford University Press.
 
Fagerlind, I., & Saha, L. J. (1989). Education and national development: A comparative
perspective. New York: Pergamon Press.
 
Haddad, W. D., Camoy, M., Rinaldi, R., & Regel, O. (1990). Education and development.
Washington, DC: The World Bank.
 
Kazamias, A. M. (1961). Some old and new approaches to methodology in comparative
education. Comparative Education Review, October, 90-96.
 
Mallison, V. (1987). An introduction to the study of comparative education (5th ed.). London:
Heinemann.
 
Noah, H., & Eckstein, M. A. (1969). Toward a science of comparative education. New York:
Macmillan.
 
Psacharopoulos, G., & Woodhall, M. (1986). Education for development. New York: Oxford
University Press.
 
Templeton, R. (1954). The study of comparative education in the United States. Harvard
Educational Review, 24(3), 141-158.

Contemporary Issues in Comparative Education

Altbach, P. G. (1991). Trends in comparative education. Comparative Education Review,
35(3), 491-507.
 
Altbach, P. G., & Kelly, G. P. (Eds.). (1986). New approaches to comparative education.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
 
Arnove, R. F., Altbach, P. G., & Kelly, G. P. (Eds.). (1992). Emergent issues in education:
Comparative perspectives. Albany: SUNY Press.
 
Cummins, J., & Sayers, D. (1995). Brave new schools: Challenging cultural illiteracy through
global learning networks. New York: St. Martin's Press.
 
Kelly, G. P. (1987). Comparative education and the problem of change: An agenda for the
1980's. Comparative Education Review. 31(4), 477-489.
 
Masemann, V. (1990). Ways of knowing: Implications for comparative education. Comparative
Education Review, 34(4), 465-473.
 
Paulston, R. G. (1993). Mapping discourse in comparative education texts. Compare, 23(2),
101-114.
 
Rust, V. (1991). Postmodernism and its comparative education implications. Comparative
Education Review, 35(4), 610-626.
 
Weiler, H. (1989). Education and power: The politics of educational decentralization in
comparative perspective. Educational Policy, 3(1), 31-33.
 
Zachariah, M. (1985). Lumps of clay and growing plants: Dominant metahpors of the role of
education in the Third World. Comparative Education Review, 29(1), 1-21.

Cross-Cultural Research/Intercultural Studies

Brislin, R., & Tomoko, Y. (Eds.). (1994). Improving intercultural interactions. Thousand Oaks:
Sage Publications.
 
Brislin, R. W., Lonner, W., & Thorndike, R. (1973). Cross-cultural research methods. New
York: Wiley.
 
Beauchamp, T., Faden, R., Wallace, R., & Walters, L. (Eds.). (1982). Ethical issues in social
science research. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1989). Cross-cultural research methodology in education. Nabe XXII
Convention.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1973). Early developments in cross-cultural research. San Antonio:
Comparative and International Education Society Proceedings.
 
LaBelle, T. J., & Ward, C. R. (1994). Multiculturalism and education. New York: SUNY
Press.
 
Moodley, K. A. (Ed.). (1992). Beyond multicultural education: International perspectives.
Calgary, Alberta: Detsehg Enterprises.
 
Ogbu, J. (1990). Minority education in comparative education perspective. Journal of Negro
Education, 59, 45-57.
 
Triandis, H. C., et al. (1972). The analysis of subjective culture. New York: Wiley.

Dependency, Colonialism, Neocolonialism

Altbach, P. G., & Kelly, G. P. (Eds.). (1991). Education and the colonial experience (2nd ed.).
New York: Advent.
 
Arnove, R. F. (Ed.). (1980). Philanthropy and cultural imperialism. Boston: G. K. Hall.
 
Eriksen, T. H. (1993). Ethnicity and nationalism: Anthropological perspectives. Boulder: Pluto
Press.
 
Ruddell, D. (1982). Class and race: Neglected determinants of colonial 'adapted education'
policies. Comparative Education, 18(3), 293-303.
 
Watson, K. (1984). Dependence and interdependence in education. London: Croom Helm.

Development Issues

Albomoz, O. (1989). Education and development revisited: A sociological perspective.
International Sociology, 4, 273-291.
 
Albomoz, O., & Escotet, M. A. Educación y desarrollo desde la perspectiva sociológica.
Salamanca, Spain: UIP Press.
 
Bujazan, M., Hare, S., Stafford, L., & Stafford, T. (1987). International agency assistance to
education in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1970-1984: Technical and political decision-making. Comparative Education, 21(2), 161-171.
 
Dore, R. (1976). The diploma disease: Education, qualification, and development. Berkeley:
University of California Press.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1991). The transfer of technology in education as a means of modernization
in societies in transition. Budapest: Batthhydni Association.
 
Fagerlind, I., & Saha, L. J. (1989). Education and national develpment: A comparative
perspective (2nd ed.). Oxford, England: Pergamon Press.
 
Habte, A., & Keynemann, S. (1983). Education for national development: World Bank activities.
Prospects, 13(4), 471-479.
 
Hawkins, J. N. (1988). The transformation of education for rural development in China.
Comparative Education Review, 32(3), 266-281.
 
Kennedy, P. (1993). Preparing for the twenty-first century. London: Harper Collins Publishers.
 
Lockheed, M. E., & Verspoor, A. M. (1991). Improving primary education in developing
countries. New York: Oxford University Press.
 
Lulat, Y. (1988). Education and national development: The continuing problem of misdiagnosis
and irrelevant prescriptions. International Journal of Educational Development, 8(4), 315-328.
 
Peaslee, A. (1969). Education's role in development. Economic Development and Cultural
Change, 17, 293-318.
 
Schuurman, F. J. (Ed.). (1993). Beyond the impasse: New directions in developing theory.
 
United Nations Development Program. (1991). Human development report 1991. New York:
Oxford University Press.
 
UNDP, UNESCO, UNICEF, & IBRD. (1990). World declaration on education for all and
framework for action to meet basic learning needs. Jomtien, Thailand: Interagency Commission for the World Conference on Education for All.
 
Zachariah, M. (1986). Comparative educators and international development policy. In P. G.
Altbach & G. P. Kelly (Eds.). New Approaches to Comparative Education (pp. 91-104). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Economic Issues

Bowman, M. J. (1966). The human investment revolution in economic thought. Sociology of
Education, 39(2), 111-137.
 
Chase-Dunn, C. (1975). The effects of international economic dependence on development and
inequality: A cross-national study. American Sociological Review, 20(4), 721-738.
 
Cornia, G. A., Jolly, R., & Stewart, F. (Eds.). (1987). Adjustment with a human face (Vol. 1).
Oxford: Clarendon Press.
 
Cummings, W. K. (1992). Examining the educational production function: UK/ US/ Japanese
models. In H. Walberg & D. Chapman (Eds.). International perspectives in educational productivity (pp. 4-21). Greenwich: Jai Press.
 
Debeauvais, M. (1982). Education and a new international economic order. Prospects, 12(2),
135-145.
 
DeYoung, A. (1985). Economic development and educational status in Appalachian Kentucky.
Comparative Education Review, 29(1), 47-67.
 
Goodwin, C. (Ed.). (1992). International investment in human capital. New York: Institute of
International Education.
 
Guthrie, J. W. (1991). The world's evolving political economy and the emerging globalization of
education: A set of extrapolations, interpolations, and predictions regarding the likely future internationalization of education policy. Educational Research Journal, 6, 1-15.
 
Hurst, P. (1983). Key issues in the external financing of education. Prospects, 13(4), 429-438.
 
Ilon, L. (1994). Structural adjustment and education: Adapting to a growing global market.
International Journal of Educational Development, 14, 2.
 
Jones, P. W. (1992). World Bank financing of education: Lending, learning, and development.
New York: Routledge.
 
Klees, S. (1984). The need for a political economy of educational finance: A response to
Thobani. Comparative Education Review, 28(3), 424-440.
 
Klees, S. (1986). Planning and policy analysis in education: What can economics tell us?
Comparative Education Review, 30(4), 574-607.
 
Knight, J. (1989). Education policy issues in a period of stabilization and structural
adjustment. Journal of Development Planning, 19, 59-72.
 
Levin, H. (1987). Education as a public and private good. Journal of Policy Analysis and
Management, 6(4), 628-641.
 
Thobani, M. (1984). Charging user fees for social services: Education in Malawi. Comparative
Education Review, 28(3), 402-423.
 
Windham, D. (1975). The macro-planning of education: Why it fails, why it survives, and the
alternatives. Comparative Education Review, 19, 187-201.
 
World Bank. (1988). Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Policies for adjustment, revitalization
and expansion. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Educational Systems and Politics

Escotet, M. A. (1991). Democratic development and fraternity as the ethical bases for world
politics. Moscow: The Helsinki 2000: The Human Dimension of World Politics.
 
Hanson, E. M. (1989). Decentralization and regionalization in educational administration:
Comparisons of Venezuela, Colombia and Spain. Comparative Education, 25(1), 41-55.
 
Murray, T. R. (Ed.). (1983). Politics and education: Cases from eleven nations. New York:
Pergamon Press.
 
Ramirez, F., & Boli, J. (1987). The political construction of mass schooling: European origins
and worldwide institutionalization. Sociology of Education, January, 2-17.
 
Ramirez, F., & Rubinson, R. (1987). Creating members: The political incorporation and
expansion of public education. In J. Meyer & M. Hanna (Eds.). National development and the world system: Educational, diplomic and political change 1950-1970. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Gender Issues

Jacquette, J. S. (1982). Women and modernization theory: A decade of feminist criticism.
World Politics, 34(2), 267-284.
 
Kelly, G. P. (1990). Education and equality: Comparative perspectives on the expansion of
education and women in the post-war period. International Journal of Educational Development, 10(2/3), 5-9.
 
Kelly, G. P., & Elliott, C. M. (Eds.). (1982). Women's education in the Third World:
Comparative perspectives. Albany: SUNY Press.
 
Kelly, G. P., & Slaughter, S. S. (Eds.). (1991). Women's higher education in comparative
perspective. Amsterdam: Kluwer.
 
King, E. M. (Ed.). (1993). Educating girls and women: Investing in development. Washington,
DC: World Bank.
 
Papanek, H. (1985). Class and gender in education-employment linkages. Comparative
Education Review, 29(3), 317-346.
 
Ross, H. (1992). The tunnel at the end of the light: Research and teaching on gender and
education. Comparative Education Review, 36(3), 95-111.
 
Stromquist, N. P. (1990). Women and illiteracy: The interplay of gender subordination and
poverty. Comparative Education Review, 34(1), 95-111.

Higher Education

Adams, D. (1988). Extending the educational planning discourse: Conceptual and paradigmatic
explorations. Comparative Education Review, 32(4), 400-415.
 
Altbach, P. G., et al. (Eds.). (1989). Scientific development and higher education: The case of
newly industrializing nations. New York: Praeger.
 
Borrero, A. (1994). The university as institution today. Ottawa: IDRC, UNU and UNESCO.
 
Clark, B. R. (1983). The higher education system: Academic organization in cross national
perspective. Berkeley: University of California Press.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1995). A teacher-centered university education: Is the core university culture
different bewteen developed and developing countries? Proceedings from the Comparative and International Education Society, Boston, March 29, 43.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1992). A look at 21st century universities: Dialectic of the mission of universities
in an era of change. In UNESCO (Ed.). Challenges and options: Specific proposals on higher education (pp.269-288). Paris-Caracas: CRESALC/UNESCO.
 
Hayhoe, R. (1984). A comparative analysis of Chinese-Western academic exchange.
Comparative Education, 20(1), 39-56.
 
Mazrui, A. (1975). The African university as a multinational corporation: Problems of
penetration and dependency. Harvard Educational Review, 45, 191-210.
 
Morsy, Z., & Altbach, P. G. (Eds.). (1993). Higher education in international perspective:
Toward the 21st century. Paris: Unesco.
 
Saint, S. W. (1992). Universities in Africa: strategies for stabilization and revitalization.
Washington, DC: World Bank.
 
Spitzberg, I. J. (1980). Universities and the international distribution of knowledge. New
York: Praeger.

Nonformal, Adult and Distance Education

Archer, D., & Costello, P. (1990). Literacy and power: The Latin American battleground.
London: Earthscan Publications Ltd.
 
Arnove, R., & Graff, H. J. (1992). National literacy campaigns in historical and comparative
perspective: Legacies, lessons, and issues. In R. F. Arnove, P. G. Altbach, & G. P. Kelly (Eds.). Emergent issues in education: Comparative perspectives (pp. 283-294). Albany: SUNY Press.
 
Campos, I. (1990). The politics of literacy In Latin America. Convergence, 23, 50-67.
 
Carceles, G. (1990). Is literacy for all by the year 2000 a feasible target? Prospects, 20(4), 449-
459.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1988). Adverse factors in the development of an open university in Latin
America. In S., Keegan & Hohnberg (Eds.). Distance education: International perspectives. (2nd ed., pp. 141-156). New York: St. Martin's Press.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1992). Infomation and formation: The change of paradigm in university distance
learning. In G. Ortner, K. Graff, & H. Wilmersdoerfer (Eds.). Distance education as two-way communication (pp. 88-101). New York: Lang.
 
Freebody, P., & Welsh, A. K. (Eds.). (1993). Knowledge, culture and power: International
perspectives on literacy as policy and practice. Washington, DC: Falmer Press.
 
Hall, B. (1992). Rich and vibrant colours: 25 years of adult education. Convergence, 25, 4-16
 
Karakovsky, V. A. (1994). The school in Russia today and tomorrow. Compare, 24(1), 277.
 
Keegan, D. (1991). Foundations of distance education (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
 
Mundy, K. (1993). Towards a critical analysis of literacy in Southern Africa. Comparative
Education Review, 37, 389-411.
 
Ortner, G.E., Graff, K., & Wilmersdoerfer, H. (Eds.). (1992). Distance education as two way
communication. New York: Lang.
 
Sewart, D., Keegan, D., & Hohnberg, B. (Eds.). (1988). Distance education: International
perspectives (2nd ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press.
 
Torres, C., & Schugurensky, D. (1994). The politics of adult education in comparative
perspective: Models, rationalities and adult education policy implementation in Canada, Mexico and Tanzania. Comparative Education Review, 30(2),131.

Planning

Alvarez, C. M. (1996). An integral view of ethnicity: Its relevance for educational planners.
Universitas 2000, 20, 1.
 
Blaug, M. (1967). Approaches to educational planning. Economic Journal, 77, 2 -287.
 
Bruno, J. E. (1976). Educational policy analysis: A quantitative approach. New York: Crane,
Russak & Co.
 
Burns, M. L. (1995). Values based planning for quality education. Lancaster: Technomic
Publishing Co.
 
Escotet, M. A. (1986). Utopian planning of education and development. Prospects, 4(60), 425-
442.
 
Godet, M. (1993). From anticipation to action: A handbook of strategic prospective. Paris:
Unesco Publishing.
 
IIPE-UNESCO. (Ed.). (19871). Planning education for reducing inequalities. Paris: The
Unesco Press.
 
IIPE-UNESCO. (1965-1975). Fundamentals of educational planning series (Volumes 1-21).
Paris: Unesco Press.
 
Kaufman, R., & Herman, J. (1991). Strategic planning in education. Lancaster: Technomic
Publishing Co.
 
McKinnon, K. R. (1973). Realistic educational planning. Paris: IIPE-UNESCO.
 
Psacharopoulos, G. (1986). The planning of education: Where do we stand. Comparative
Education Review, 30(4), 560-573.
 
Rondinelli, D. A., Middleton, J., & Vespoor, A. M. (1990). Planning education reforms in
developing countries: The contingency approach. Durham: Duke University Press.
 
Thomas, R. M. (Ed.). (1992). Education's role in national development plans: Ten country
cases. New York: Praeger.
 
Tilak, J. (1982). Educational planning and the international economic order.
Comparative Education, 18(2), 107-121.

Reforms in Education

Amagi, I. (Ed.). (1988). Educational reform in international perspective: China and Kyoto,
Japan, October 1985. International Journal of Educational Research, 12(2), 103-126.
 
Arnove, R. F. (1994). Education as contested terrain: Nicaragua, 1979-1993. Boulder:
Westview Press.
 
Carnoy, M. (1986). Education for alternative development. In P. G. Altbach & G. P. Kelly
(Eds.). New approaches to comparative education (pp. 73-90). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
 
Ginsburg, M. (Ed.). (1991). Understanding educational reform in the global context:
Economy, ideology, and the state. New York: Garland Publishing.
 
LaBelle, T. J., & Ward, C. R. (1990). Education reform when nations undergo radical political
and social transformation. Comparative Education 26(1), 95-106.
 
Samoff, J. (1993). The reconstruction of schooling in Africa. Comparative Education Review,
37(2), 181-222.
 
Tedesco, J. C. (1993). Current trends in educational reform. Paris: International Commission on
Education for the Twenty-first Century, UNESCO.

State and Society

Carnoy, M., & Samoff, J. (1990). Education and social transistion in the Third World.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
 
McGinn, N., & Street, S. (1986). Educational decentralization: Weak state or strong state?
Comparative Education Review, 30(4), 471-490.
 
Wirt, F. M. (1986). Comparing educational policies: Theory, units of analysis and research
strategies. In P. G. Altbach, & G. P. Kelly (Eds.). New approaches to comparative education (pp. 275-292). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Comparative Education

Arnove, R. F. (1980). Comparative education and world systems analysis. Comparative
Education Review, 24, February, 48-62.
 
Carnoy, M., et. al. (1993). The new global economy in the information age: Reflections on our
changing world. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
 
Crossley, M., & Broadfoot, P. (1992). Comparative and international research in education:
Scope, problems and potential. British Educational Research Journal, 18(2), 99-112.
 
Eckstein, M. A., & Noah, H. J. (Eds.). (1969). Scientific investigations in comparative
education. New York: Macmillan.
 
Epstein, E. (1986). Currents left and right: Ideology in comparative education. In P. G. Altbach,
& G. P. Kelly (Eds.). New approaches to comparative education (pp. 233-260). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
 
Gezi, K. I. (Ed.). (1971). Education in comparative and international perspectives. New York:
Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
 
Holmes, B. (1986). Paradigm shifts in comparative education. In P. G. Altbach, & G. P. Kelly
(Eds.). New approaches to comparative education (pp. 179-200). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
 
Inkeles, A., & Smith, D. (1974). Toward a definition of the modern man. In A. Indeles, & D.
Smith (Eds.). Becoming modern (pp. 15-35). London: Heinemann Education.
 
Karabel, A., & Halsey, H. (Eds.). (1987). Power and ideology in education. New York: Oxford
University Press.
 
Kazamias, A. M., & Massialas, B. G. (1992). Comparative education. In C. Marvin (Ed.).
Encyclopedia of educational research (pp. 309-315). New York: Macmillan.
 
Kazamias, A. M., & Schwartz, K. (1977). Intellectual and ideological perspectives in comparative
education: An interpretation. Comparative Education Review, 21(2/3), 153-176.
 
Filter, R. (1987). The fading future. Comparative Education Review, 31(2), 218-240.
 
Noah, H. J. (1984). The use and abuse of comparative education. Comparative Education
Review, 28(4), 550-562.
 
Psacharopoulos, G. (1990). Comparative education: From theory to practice. Comparative
Education Review, 34(3), 369-380.
 
Thiesen, G., & Adams, D. (1990). Comparative education research. In R. M. Thomas (Ed.).
International comparative education: Practices, issues, and prospects (pp. 277-302). Oxford, England: Pergamon.


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